ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ANCIENT PERIOD

The First phase of entrepreneurship emerged when the Aryan conquerors settled down in this country by suppressing the non-Aryans. They appropriated the products of village communities to themselves leaving a little for the villagers or native. Thus, the main conflict of ancient Indian society began. The Aryans were faced with the problem of innovative new crafts and occupations and also evolved some kind of division of labour for the new handicrafts, breeding of cattle and cultivating land. Ali these occupations did not exist at the time of conquest by Aryans. They were the products of entrepreneurial action.

Immediately after the conquest, the settlement of the Aryans began and together with the formation of states and the establishment of laws. The need of dharma was expressed in the oldest Upanishads and the oldest dharma sutras followed. They avoided the speaking of class struggle as mentioned above, but used the terminology of the four ranks (Varna dharma), which is quite characteristic of despotism

Ancient literature like manusmriti has provided a clear idea about entrepreneurial class of people during ancient period (pre-Vedic). According to manusmriti, people belonging to Vaisya caste were regarded as entrepreneurs who are specialized to maintain livestock, to give charity, perform sacrifices, study scriptures and undertake business and banking. Hence, vaisyas are the specialized class of people carrying entrepreneurial activities in these days. Agriculture, crafts and handicrafts were the basic sources of the occupation for the people. The occupational development during this period comprised ownership of land pasture grounds, trees, forests, water reservoirs; mine, etc. with the introduction of entrepreneurship, the towns and cities developed.

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Franklin “Pitch” Johnson is known throughout the venture capital industry for his vision, insight, and principles. Johnson talks about the issues of democracy and entrepreneurship in terms of the three freedoms essential to a democracy: personal freedom, political freedom, and economic freedom. Entrepreneurs by bringing new products and ideas into the marketplace are an essential component of democracy. Series: Technology Management Program [1/2006] [Public Affairs] [Business] [Show ID: 11391]…

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About Author

B.Sc.(Med.), B.Ed., M.A.(Edu.), M.Litt.(Edu.), Ph.D.(Edu.Psy.)PGDCA.

Served as Science Master, Employment Department as Vocational Guidance Officer.

Retired from Employment Department, Punjab India as Dy. Director (Off.)

Serving now Arihant Computer Center and Many Medical Hospitals such as Sadbhavna Medical & Heart Institute.